The author wishes to express his deep appreciation to Prof. Y. Kurihara, Tohoku
University, Prof. T. Horie, Kobe University, and Dr. H. Ozasa, Director of Marine
Environment Division, PHRI, for the stimulus discussions and kind guidance.
REFERENCES
Hosokawa, Y. (1995): Beach construction with environmental consideration, Environmental
Science, 8(4), 469-475. (in Japanese)
Hosokawa, Y. (1996): Constructed Tidal Flats and Rehabilitation of Coastal Ecosystem,
Proceedings of Clean Sea '96 in Toyohashi, Port & Harbour Research Institute, 304-316.
Imamura, H et al. (1993): Construction of artificial tidal flat as a mitigation
technique, Proceedings of Japan Conference Coastal Engineering, Vol.40.1111-1115. (in
Japanese)
Kimura, K. (1994): Purification capacity of constructed tidal flats, HEDORO, 60.59-81
(in Japanese)
Kurihara, Y. (1992): Ecology in brackish water, Special Issue on Readings of Eco-Civil
Engineering", Journal of Japan Society Civil Engineers, 77(9), 35-39. (in Japanese)
Sasaki, K. (1989): Nutrient Cycle in Tidal Flat, Bulletin on Coastal Oceanography,
26(2), 172-1 90.(in Japanese)
Table-2 Estimation examples for assimilation flux of organics in several
tidal flats
method/Tidal Flat
(Natural/Constructed)soil classification
benthic biomass(g/m2)
assimilated COD (g/m2)
N removal (mg/m2/d)
reesearcher
estimation by P/B ratio
Tokyo Bay
Banzu Flat
(N)silt
300
150
-
Kimura(1994)
sanban-se Shallow sea
(N)silt
200
340
-
set
kasai Beach
(C)sand
80
40
-
P/B=1.5
Inage/Kemigawa Beach
(C)sand
60
30
-
assimilation
Hiroshima Bay
Itsukaichi Flat
(C)silt
830
210
-
rate=0.45
Ninoshima Flat
(C)silt
960
120
-
Imamura
obsercation of WQ at ebb/flood tide
et al(1994)
Ise Bay
isshiki Flat
(N)silt
4.8g-N/m2
144
Sasaki(1989)
Table-3 Engineering processes for construction of tidal flat
